For segments, the job is split between hardware and microcode. When LD_DESCRIPTOR fires its protection test at 5CD, the Test PLA OR's the A-bit (bit 8 of the descriptor high DWORD) into a temporary register called PROTUN. Then the microcode at PROT_TESTS_PASSED takes over and writes the modified value back to the GDT or LDT in memory:
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Patrick Armstrong, Plurimi Wealth, CIO; Estelle Brachlianoff, Veolia CEO; Tara Varma, German Marshall Fund, Strategic Foresight Managing Director. (Source: Bloomberg)